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The high-demand on current power system infrastructure for EVs, distributed generation and inverter-based resource integration introduces the need for unbalanced network harmonic analysis. Single-phase charging vehicles and inverter positive and negative sequence voltage and current controls require the evaluation of harmonic content on a per-phase basis.
ETAP Unbalanced Harmonic Analysis module performs harmonic load flow and frequency scan analyses on unbalanced networks with balanced and unbalanced current/voltage harmonic sources in the network.
Compliant Harmonic Standards:
Unbalanced Network Harmonic Analysis can be performed on phase and sequence networks. The module considers single phase loads and also the loads on the secondary of transformers with center tap.
This module allows modeling of unbalanced harmonic current and voltage source harmonic libraries and to use them as harmonic sources in the network harmonic analysis.
Harmonic distortion mitigation can be achieved using Active Harmonic Filter. Frequency and time domain simulations can be performed to observe harmonic mitigation.
Generic and AccuSine Active harmonic filter models are available for modeling. Both frequency and time domain simulations can be performed to observe harmonic mitigation in the AccuSine filter models.
The escalating demand for fleet electrification across the U.S. presents a significant challenge to existing distribution infrastructure, necessitating EV charging management strategies to meet electrical energy demands and address power quality issues. Level 2 and Level 3 EV chargers, equipped with power electronic converters and PWM technology, generate non-sinusoidal currents, exacerbating power quality concerns at individual sites. The effect of rapid voltage changes (RVC) introduced by this equipment is also discussed. This case study features insights and observations from field-recorded measurements of unbalanced (per-phase) harmonic distortions at a site with over 300 electric van charging stations. The unbalanced harmonic analysis (UBHA) conducted by Eradeh Power Consulting using ETAP Software for the site, revealed distortion limits being exceeded for individual phase currents and voltages as well as power distribution equipment rating overloads (such as transformer K-rating and cable thermal limits). The presentation also discusses how unbalanced harmonic distortions calculated within the site and at the point of common coupling (PCC) can be mitigated using techniques such as the use of active / passive harmonic filters amongst others.
The integration of electric vehicles (EVs), PV systems, battery energy storage systems (BESS), and more has presented us with exciting opportunities and challenges. One such challenge is the need for unbalanced network harmonic analysis, especially when dealing with single-phase charging vehicles and inverter controls.
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